Attachment for lathes



Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,320

H. M. WHITCOMB ATTACHMENT FOR LATHE 5 Filed Aug.24, 1925 a shets-sneet 1H. M. WHITCOMB ATTACHMENT FOR LATHES Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,320

Filed Aug. 24, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 2 f i 7 26 Z5 Q 24g 24 3 G H MW PN5v.13,192s. 1,691,320

H. M. WHITCOMB ATTACHMENT FOR LATHES Filed Aug. 24, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet5 F/G, /0, F/

F/6, 2. F/G. /4.

Patented Nov. 13, 1928 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRIS MORGAN wnrrcoivm, or ALBANY, Wisconsin.

ATTACHMENT rm Lamas;

, Application fi ed August 24, 1925. serial No; 52,082.

The primary object of this invention is to produce in a rapid,efiicient, and economical manner a leakproof sectional piston ring soformedas to hold its true circular form at all 5 degrees of expansionand contraction, regardless of temperature and which is adapted forapplication to variously sized cylinders without trimming or fitting orthe exercise of even ordinary mechanical skill. i

The invention t 'rther comprehends a novel and inexpensive apparatuscapable oi application to an ordinary engine lathe;

The foregoing and many other features of novelty which characterize myinvention are pointed out with particularity in the claims, annexed to,and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding ofthe invention, however, and of the advantages which it possessesreference should. be had. to

the accompanying drawings wherein the now preferred form of ringtogether with the method and apparatus formaking are illus trated. Inthe drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a latheillustrating the apparatus used in carrying out the first step of mymethod; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional 1 view through the partsshown inFig. 1; n

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view illustrating the actionofthe yielding work engaging plate and showing the relation of the bits tothe work at the completion of the operation. wherein the ring is madeeccentric;

Fig. 4 is a screw; c c

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but illusdetail of the bit carrierand set in the ring fianging andi thickness reducing step of theprocess; I I

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view through the partsshown in Fig.5;

Fig-7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view ing the constructionwhereby the bit and roller carriers are made adjustable;

Fig. 10 is axpla'n View of a ring-like'piece method of manufacturecarried out by simple trating the form of tool plate apparatus used nsimilar to Fig. 3 butshowing therelatio-n of the apparatus or! Fig. Sotothe work at the ofmetal stock formed; 7 c

Fig. 11 shows a ringsection afterthe first step of the method wherein itis reduced toeccent-ric form; r V c Fig. 12 illustrates the flanged andwidth reduced ring section produced by the second ma or step of theprocess; i Fig. 13 is a group perspective view depictmg1 two ringsectionsready to be assembled, an a Fig. 14 shows the assembled pistonring.

Referring specifically to the drawings, wherein likejret'erencecharacters designate" like parts throughout numeral l denotesthe bodyportion of an ordinary lathe which is from which the ring maybepreferably (although not necessarily) of the type having an automaticstop and carriage feed.- 2 indicates the lathespindle and the carriagethe latter having a conventional compound rear for thetool post 5'. Nonovelty is being claimed forthe lathe; and ac cordingly furtherdescription thereof is unnecessary. j y

In carrying outmy process Iemploy a chuck 6 having a-circularwork-receiving. re-v 'cess 7 in one face, and a second recess 8 in itsopposite face to receive the projecting end portion of the chuck holder9'whose shaft 9 is clamped in the tool post 5 Bolts 9 carried by thecircumferential'fiange 9".

of the carrier serve to detachably mountv the chuck in" place. 1Different sizedchucksd will, of course, be used for different'sized.work 7 I i The material preferably used in making upthe sections 0 myring is ordinary piston rings althoug-lrother ring stock maybetransversely split and, used tof advantage;

As shownin Fig. 1 the transversely split ring section 10, whosenormaldiameter is a shade largenth'an the work receiving recess 7', is

sprung into the latter to beheld against ro tatio-nby a chuck carriedkey 6 which en-fl gages between the walls of the split 10 Thespindlecarried toolapplia nce for first operating upon the ring stock-tomake it e(:'-

centric comprises an annular tool plate 1 1- ioo appropriately fastenedto its shaftor arbor 12 atone'end thereof. Rods 13 freely slidableintransverse holes. in the plate 11, carry at their outer ends, a disk14.. By meansjof helical springs 15, surrounding therods 13 andinterposed between the plate and the disk 1 14, thelatter is brought tobearagainst the in a set position.

14t in the disk. Cotter pins or other stops 16 passing through selectedholes 17in the rods 13 engage the back oat-plate 11 to limit the actionof disk 14.

The holders 18 carrying the bits 19 have their shanks'QO slidableinradial slots 21 of the plate 11. Thus variously sized work may beoperated upon,-nuts 22 on the threaded ends of the shanks serving tolock the holders The shanks 20 01"" the holders 18 are square as shownin Fig. 4. and consequently cannot turn in the slots 21. Set screws 23which may be suitably graduated the springs to advance the extend fromthe periphery of the plate 11 into each of the slots 21 to engage theholders 18. Accurate adjustment of the latter. may be quickly attained.

The ring having been positioned in the chuck, the carriage 3 is movedforward until the ring engages and compresses the disk 14 to project thebits 19 through the disk slots l t. Adjustment ofthe compound rest ortool post mounting is now (or may have previously been) made to positionthe ring 10 eccentrically with respect to the axis of the tool plate 11.The bits 19 now bear only upon the inner wall of the half of the ringadjacent the split 10 The adjustment of the rest is, ofcourse,transversely of the car ,riage 3. The operation of thelathe,-that is, the rotation of the sprindle2 and progressive feeding ofthe carriage theretoward, results ,original width. 40

in the formation of an eccentric ring section' whose wall at the split10 is one-half its The next operation consists in reducing to one-halfthickness the half of the ringin proximity to the joint 10 and in thesame operation forming a crescent-like flange and shoulder upon theother half of the ring. The-boringapparatus used is shown in Figs. ,4and and consists of aspindle carried tool plate 24, similar in allrespects to the tool plate ll except .that the yielding worlnengagingdisk 1& isabsent. In lieu thereof a adjustably mounted in radial slots 24 interi'mediate the slots 31 of the plate 24 whic-h "plurality ofspring pressed rollers 25. are employed. Each of these rollers isjournaled on the end of a stem 26 slidingly working in a sleeve-likecarrier 27. The carriers 27' are carry. the bit holders 18. Nuts 27 onthe reduced and end-threaded portions of the car-' riers 27 serve todraw shoulders 27 against the outer'face of the tool plateflt to lockthe carriers in a set position. The rollers 25 are now aligned to engagethe outer portion offthe edge of the eccentric ring in the chuck 6. Thecarriers 27 have their outer vends cored out to define a chamber 27-tohouse a' coil spring 28 which bears against the roller carrying bearingfor urging the stem 26 outwardly. A stop 26 on the inner end of eachstem 26 engages the back of the plate 2% to limit outward movement ofthe stem and roller 25.

vFigs. 7 and 8, respectively,'clearly illustrate the relation of thebits 19 and rollers to the work at the commencement anti uponthe'coinpletionof the work Hanging and width reducing step of theprocess. The bits 19 and rollers 25 are adjustedso as to bear againstthe projecting face of the ring 10 in a true circle. then the lathe isoperated the rollers act to hold the ring 10 in place in the chuck whilethe bits reducethe same to onehalf the thickness of the ring throughoutapproximately the quarter of its circumference which is on both sides ofthe split 10. 'Inasmuch as the ring is positioned ecoentrically withrespect-to the path of travel bf the bits there will be left upon thehalf of the circumshoulder10will,'of course, correspond ex actly to thewidth of that portion of the ring which is reduced in thickness by thisoperation. Thus two ring sections may be fitted together with the split10 of the one'ring being disposed behind the shoulder 10 of the otherring. Figs. 12, 13 and 14: clearly illustrate the formation of the ringsections and the manner in whichthey are adapted to fit together.For'instance, Fig. 1 1 shows the, assembled ring of true concentricshape formed of the two eccentric ring sections 10. It will beunderstoodand appreciatedby those skilled in the art that my ring may berepeatedly stretched over a piston without distortionand will in factexpand and contract beyond all requirements and at the same time retainits true circular form at all diameters.

which pollutes the oil and causes excessive wear on the motor bearingsand it has an equal wearing surfacelthroughout its circumference.Further carbon never collects under these rings as with common one piecerings. lViththe use of my ring the necessity of hammering, re-turning,rollin or the like, is obviated and no mechanical skill whatever isnecessary-to fit the ring in a piston for a given sized cylinder. Therange of size of pistonsand cylinders to which the ring may be appliedis limited only by the size of the joint 10 and the width of the spacebetween the piston and the cylinder wall. By cutting outa section ofconsiderable size at this point the ring will be free to expand orcontract to fit pistons of widely different diameters. There isa furtherfeature of the liiu is that there is noflfr'iction between the two.

ring sections as neither section crowds the other in an outwarddirection while expand ing. l The wear between t he parts is thus reducedto a minimurirand my ring willeXpand as readily as an ordinarysingle pistonring "In conclusion it isto be noted that the initialcrosswise adjustm'ent-oi the carriage i to position the ringeccentrically of thelathe spindle suilices for theoperation wherein thering is rendered eccentric and als'ofor the operation wherein its t liick'ness is reduced and the crescent like flange and shoulder 10 areformed.- In thissecond operation the rollers and bits'l9 aremerelyadjusted to proper position. Considerable advantage resides in havingthe chuck stationary which obviates the necessity of stopping thespindle when a ring'is' to be removed.- i

Having thus described the invention, What claimed is: 4 i

1. A cutting attachment for lathes or the like comprising a tool platehaving means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having aplurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elementsworking in certain of said slots and having means whereby they may beadjusted and locked in a set position, shanks extended through other ofsaid tool plate slots and radially adjustabletherein, each of saidshanks having a socket in its outer end, an antifriction work-engagingroller and bearing therefor axially slidable in said socket, a springinterposed between said bearing and the inner end of said socket foryieldingly projecting said roller inthe direction of the work, and meansfor holding said bearing and shank in assembled relation andpositionable to variably limit the relative axial movement ofsaidbearing in said socket.

2. A cutting attachment for lathes or the like comprising a tool platehaving means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having aplurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elementsworking in certain of said slots and having means whereby they may beadjusted and locked in a set position, shanks extended through others ofsaid tool plate slots and radially adjustable therein, each of saidshanks having a socket in its outer end, an antifriction Work-engagingroller and bearing therefor axially slidable in said socket, a springinterposed bet-ween said bearing and the inner end of said socket foryieldingly projecting said roller in the direction of the work, andmeans for holding said bearing and shank in assembled relation andpositionable to variably limit the relative axial movement of saidbearing in said socket, said aforementioned holding means comprising astem carrying said bearing and er? tending through said shank and a stopengageable with said stem at different points.

3. An attachment for lathes and the like comprising a tool plate havingmeans forfat tachment to a-lathe spindle to rotated therewith, an 'instrumentality carried by said tool plate for holding the Work in achuck. comprising a longitudinally bored carrier havin a socket in oneend 21 stemextendin I through said bore, an antifri-ction element, abearingtheretor carried by one. end ofsaid stem and des'ignedtobereeeivedinsaid socket, and yielding means housed in said socket andengaging said bearing for urging the:

anti-frictionelement in thedirection of the work. I i a 4. In anattachment for lathes and the like including a tool plate,thecombination of an rier having a soeket inone end, the other end ,ofsaid carrier being threaded for theapplication of. a nut-and theintermediate exterior portionof said carrier being shouldered" wherebysaid carrier may be adj ustably clamped in a slot of said plate,.a stemextending through said bore, an anti-friction ele ment, a bearingtherefor carried by one end ot'said stem and designed to be received insaid socket, and yielding means housed in said socket and engaging saidbearing for urging the anti-friction element in the direction of thework.

5. A cutting attachment for lathes or the like comprising a tool platehaving means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having I i aplurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elementsworking in certain of saidslots and having means whereby they may beadjusted and locked in a set position, shanks extended through other ofsaid tool plate slots and radially adjustable therein, and axiallydisposed work enga ing elements adjustably carried by said shan s formovement toward the Work. 7

6. A cutting attachment for lathes or the like comprising a tool platehaving means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having aplurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elementsworking in certain of said slots and having means whereby they may beadjusted and locked ina set position,

shanks extended through other of said tool plate slots and radiallyadjustable therein, each of said shanks having a longitudinal boretherein and socket atone end thereof communicating with sald bore, a rodshdable in said bore and having a work engaging head receivable in saidsocket, and a spring in said socket engaging said head for urglng thesame toward the work.

7. A c'utting att-achment for lathes or the like comprising a tool platehaving means for attachment in a chuck, said tool plate having aplurality of radially arranged transverse slots, cutting elementsworking in certain. of said slots and having means whereby they may beadjusted and locked in a set position,

, a 8. An attachment for lathes and the like.

shanks extended through other of said tool plate slots and radiallyadjustable therein, each of said shanks having longitudinal bore thereinand a socket at oneend thereof communicating with said'bore, a "rodslidable in I said bore and having a Work engaging head recelvable, insaid socket,,a spring 1n said socket engaging said head for urging thesame 7 -work ina chuck comprising a longitudinally bored carrier, meanssecuring the carrier to one face of the plate for lateral adjustmentthereon, a stem extending through said carrier bore, an anti-frictionelement, a bearing therefor carried by one end of said stem, andyielding means for urgin the anti-friction element in the direction orthe Work.

a 9. An attachment for lathes and the like comprising a tool platehaving means for attachment to. a lathe spindle to be rotated therewith,an instrumentality for holding the Work in a chuck comprising alongitudinally bored carrier, a stem extending through said carrierbore, an anti-friction element, a hear ing therefor carried by one endof said stem, and yielding means acting on said stem for urging theanti-friction element inthe direction of the Work.

10. The combination set forth in claim 9,

and said stem being rotatable in said carrier bore whereby theanti-friction element will be enabled to follow the Work inthe rotationof the tool plate.

In testimony whereof I aflix my'signature.

HARRIS MORGAN WH'rrcoMB.

